"The system of equality is not only the biggest advantages
but strict justice ...
Every man is a link, and an indispensable link in the chain
effects
part of an idea to come, perhaps, to produce a piece of cloth
" Karl Marx
in transit from the Eurocentric Enlightenment thinking and leading figures of German romantic thought, will recover some thesis of Frederick Hegel (1770-1831), allowing us to understand the proposed methodology on the culture identity the subject to appreciate the differences and relationships in the constitution to be conscious and unconscious, is exposed with the intent to contextualize this particular historical identity in a given period, which marks the subject concrete, specific space and time. In this sense are taken following references, to distinguish, what are some of the contributions in the Hegelian theory about it, about the debate between Enlightenment and Romanticism illustrated, which accounts for the cultural identity of the subject, developed this concept in the Hegelian dialectic context of German philosophy, which transcends the philosophical conception of the Romantic era on culture [1] .
You must enter before that for Hegel, culture represents the direction of development of consciousness of the subject itself (as a single entity) in one for himself (the collective sense), through the ethical and [2] maximum spiritual expression represented by Lenin and Gramsci, who understand the ideology and culture as "worldview."
[1] Ethics in different fields, means: 'Custom' in the empiricist tradition, virtue ethics in patterns or trends (justice, friendship, courage, etc.) As the mode of being, are also differentiated the virtues of intelligence or reason (wisdom, prudence) and is conceptualized by Aristotle ethics of the culture of a people. that embodies their struggle in the recognition of the right or not, that being as it is. In this framework worth pointing out that Hegel studied theology with Schelling, another romantic of his era, making an educational proposal based on the meaning of art.
What characterizes Hegel as a thinker romantic, to appreciate the particular characteristics of the features of Romanticism, as Hegel's thought represents a strong tendency to
Importantly, each of the philosophical thoughts of the enlightened age in their production, evaluation, traditions and customs, they realize the cultural, marking a milestone in social representations, but also are more fully synthetic everyday life forms of power relations and social struggle for recognition subject's individual history and especially in the context of romantic culture of the subject, as this definition of individual rights, the spearhead of the achievements of modern times, led by the enlightened bourgeoisie of the time.
The system of Hegelian ideas you want to show the succession of different forms or phenomena of consciousness, to reach absolute knowledge, which is the subject of the Phenomenology of Spirit as an introduction to the total system of science. For science to Hegel is essentially systematic, science concepts is derived from one another in a necessary way into the fabric of culture. Because the only way it can be The truth is, Hegel says,
Hegel, is based on the dialectical method, or method of the internal evolution of the concepts along the lines of 'thesis-antithesis-synthesis', which recovers from Fichte in the sense of identity as a negation and affirmation the historical subject in the dialectic method because the error appears as an evolutionary moment of truth, and therein lies the cultural decentering the subject of modernity, as the truth and yet preserved the error than at the time of self-discovery only as a philosophical idea, but not as transformative praxis of their lives. For Hegel cultural expression, it is only in the world of ideas generated and developed as an internalized ideal, on an assumption, although responsible for the subject, only spirit is embodied in the abstract universal and particular, and raises the Hegel's idealistic thinking, yet a sense of history and philosophy, which embodies the spiritual representation of the thought of his time in the particular representations internalized sense of life and cognitive structures captured and produced in the idealistic culture of the zeitgeist . Because for Hegel talk
Spirit is referred to a supra-authority over all others, but for him the spiritual is referred to the form or forms that have not been established once and for all, but in its continuing ethical development, aesthetic, moral, educational and law, and emancipation capabilities critical culture, from which a well in the world of ideas, as they are subjected to intense dialectical process in the identification of the self, opening a new panorama of the identity of subject based on their difference and relationship, so the spirit evolves into a series of
The idea becomes a capital notions of Hegel's system (which aspires to be, do not forget, the system of truth as a whole cultural differences and contradictions that are transformed in their denial and overcoming, in which the concept represents the absolute right and, therefore, the system of reality in the thought process itself as the 'be me' Smoked in the spirit of the law, morality, education and culture). So the idea is that when it reaches full development, the process of being as being in itself its own ideal representation, to the extent of his being released, another contradiction, dialectical resolution and overcoming aware of the concept and historical basis of the use of the work, therefore, is on the road towards subjetividadobjetiva, with reference to the integrity of being from the idealist philosophy which gives guidelines for critical reflection of the historical world material.
So the synthesis of subjective and objective spirit is the absolute spirit of being, which in turn is also self-unfolding in the intuition of itself as art, as management, control and processing life in all its splendid contradictions and dialectical transformations, that is, as planted by the ethical nature of the universal and particular subject by assuming their ability to have free will to choose and determine the historicized world in the practical consciousness of the subject rated the idea, through the representation of itself as a religion, and the absolute knowledge of itself as a philosophy, to find the essence of being or humanized specific identity, which is what Hegel manages to seize the political and social environment the time of lights, with their own sense of direction and dialectical understanding of modernity, since that's where art and science forge a bridge of common approaches, although no one has a pervasive consciousness of this, in the socio-historical assumption.
That's why each of the different moments of self-unfolding of absolute Spirit is both the self's own self-unfolding universal and particular, manifested in the expression of the historical horizon of the subject, wrapped in religiosity as identification.
So in the history of art and history of religion reveals the truth about the moments intuitive and representative of the absolute Spirit, in the essence of their existence. And in the history of philosophy is revealed, finally, the full truth of this Spirit, which is the absolute Idea in the great cycle of its evolution as a concept that is as modern Western reason, from that reality has already explained itself through a system of ideas in the dialectical method, which is nothing outside the subject, but such and as the subject and object of knowledge are in full, making the proposal, each party is a synthesis and condensation of all that exists, and universal all at the same time is infinite in the differential expression of its parts as something unique and special, but precise and concrete in the concept as self-recognition in the conceptualization of the identity of the person moves from a historical consciousness to another particular universal and specifically defined in its many culturally determined, yet distinct as life capable of interacting in a multiplicity of meanings attached to human bonds of social historical construction, drawings these links for precise times and spaces, which are expressed by the degree of awareness about just what socially produced.
This meeting of the identity of the historical and universal body and particularly Hegel poses, "is being defined by each of its parts that relate knowable, are identified and contradict many possibilities because of their differences defined in sense of cultural identity of the subject, well defined and differentiated from all universal and particular in the consciousness of the subject, knowing it to himself in his otherness and symbolic representation of it, which is based on the principles of a global total and contradictory particular for his faults, which is contextualized historically romantic thought to through various mediations in change, transformation and social movement of the subject material in a specific time and space, as is the timing that extends from the seventeenth and eighteenth century (Romantic period) as an ideal representation of intuition and the feeling, infinite and finite epochal process for sensitive determination of the subject, perception, understanding, self-awareness, sensible reason itself as conceptual and philosophical ability at that time, incubated and developed in the cultures of the civilizing process, in which the subject is product and producer of both the cultural representation, how significant is the taking of conscience on I realized fully and in contradiction to the time, according to Hegel raised here, as this is what identifies the historical subject.
Based on these epistemological arguments of Hegel's philosophy, the general way the historical subject as a particular subject, is in itself mere sensibility, as being in itself is referred to the possibility of reception of reality through the senses as a hegemonic outset, from an idealistic involving Western logic, demonstrating the context of Enlightenment rationality that pervades the thinking abstract ideal of contemporary times, to reach the end of a fundamentalist bourgeois rationalism to through the world of ideas coming from the conquest eurocents in modern culture that affects the Hispanic American. Hegel
From there lies the historical dimension of identity from the category of spirit, which has to be shaped by conceptual rationality in ethics taking the subject as abstract form of thinking through decision capacity and process improvement in its cultural alienation in particular, this situation is an attitude that Hegel understands the task of cultural display of the spirit or universal concept in taking or development of historical consciousness of the subject is important to clarify at this conception of the Phenomenology of Spirit, that "... the practice of production material (the work) is presented as a human activity as it is the bearer of the Spirit. Under this spiritualization of work, his role was noted, albeit mystified, in the formation of man. Thus, Marx could from the Phenomenology to establish the anthropological significance of the work, although he presented it as a work of Spirit Hegel within the movement and history of consciousness ... " [3] . In this sense Hegel creates the conditions for reflection in the fabric of different cultures, the link between awareness, knowledge and truth, through the idea of \u200b\u200bgood for all, as a principle of identity in a cultural context in educational processes or humanization, which are infinite in its plurality and the specific time for their determination contradictory, as a process of cultural growth and maturation in a healthy identity, ie the subject of dogmas released on the assumption sensitivity of rational thought as a whole dialectically inseparable.
poshegeliana In philosophy seeks to develop the thesis of this German philosopher, referring to the transition between gross sensitivity to other humane, more civilized (germ of a rational sensitivity) as a theoretical and practical unit, which involves a process education aware of the historical subject from the reflection of a critical theory with principles of authenticity, that is, ethics as a process of historical liberation and creative training that defines the behavior of the historical subject, this transition was induced by placing Hegel a system of ideas knowledge of what he meant by truth from the subjective concept that constantly faces the concrete historical reality of universal and particular subject, to activate it in any way possible within the limits typical of the time, which provides the foundations of modernity in its relations of exploitation, domination and extermination, which is what finally stained contextual awareness regarding the subject at the time of self-awareness to be able to reflect their thinking and action accordingly, as a whole, but only the world of ideas, that is as accurate rational concept of human sensitivity to give an accurate answer would also argue the foundation's own conceptual thinking, still lacks consistency with the action.
As the rational expression as a universal historical subject, refers to the location of the singular man in the world, delegating critical thinking and creative performance than basic knowledge in the sense of the sacred and the common good in the field of whatsoever, that besides feeling, is conceptualized and expressed in different symbolic languages \u200b\u200bof culture, as human posture toward life known for its difference in a process of self-recognition and romantic emancipation as unique and unrepeatable identity involved in the subject particular historical to know the necessity of existence in its universal dimension, as comprehensive and abstract, which is a nothing in concrete action, here the interesting thing is not only incomprehensible feeling and defend the sacred in the different cultural expressions, but have the concept need to respect their differences with a sense of principle and common purpose, as an expression of humanized development.
This conception in Hegel, part of an attitude based on the active power, enhanced by the sensitive faculty has been mediated by conscious awareness, forming concepts from a historical, religious and moral education of each universal historical subject and especially now day serves as a thinking tool to locate the relation to the total from the discourse of modernity.
Hegel, as one of the representatives of the Romantic movement, think overcoming the power of the subject as sensitive as particular and universal, that is, transcendence and full and comprehensive cultural transformation, with special features that include the rationality of the Enlightenment era, in the development period of the bourgeois conception of reality, as hegemonic cultural sense of the time, so that the identity of the historical subject positioned according to the degree of social consciousness as subject constituted in particular, in their understanding and ownership universal abstract knowledge, it is important to note that since this is entirely possible to take the thought of a cultural epoch in the social structure as a historical subject, according to the degree of knowledge, experience and intuition developed and cultural skills, identifying recognized in its otherness through his own existential and human contradiction, in the death struggle for recognition between master and slave, idealized cultural era of Hegel in the sense of human rights, sovereignty, autonomy and dignity.
As this cultural hegemony of rationalism and the Enlightenment movement, located between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Europe connoting is these principles of knowledge and culture with a higher status than human reason, when it came to reflect on the work created historically, and that speaks of world culture as a whole, hence an essential structure is outlined in the logic of thought, centered by reason put forward by Kant, as a break with the metaphysical conception of reality, where God was all but clarify, while it was not 'owner' of anything or anyone from his strips material and spiritual.
Thus in Hegel's theory are united by methods of induction and deduction, as a whole in the process of understanding, although the meaning in the understanding of the human will be erased from the birth of new ideas, concepts and general notions of what was essential and valuable, in the forms of appropriation of these cultural and ideological processes of the time.
We can distinguish how the category of cultural identity in its multiplicity of expressions is possible in the period shown in context, understood as what to do-that man must necessarily be taken in a historical time-sensitivity based on rational function; thinking here of the historical-idealist Hegelian conception from a political context of specific practices, which highlights the generation art, literature and religion, as points of reflection and historical social sublimation, to decisively shape new forms of art or cultural setting, where high culture is an expression of philosophical thought as a landmark of history and the age of enlightenment.
speaks Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, which is the work here has recovered "from an evolutionary history, philosophical and anthropological, which is based on the process and outcome of both original and creative content that is accomplished the philosophical synthesis of theory, which represents the practice of the subject, wherein the transformative praxis, not es especulación ni retórica, ni tampoco reflexión ni conocimiento ensimismados, sino que es justo la necesidad del conocimiento a partir de la experiencia y de la intuición más aguda, para alcanzar la conciencia social, asumida sobre la necesidad del otro Yo, en su diferencia, en un proceso de autoconciencia o autoreconocimiento, que necesariamente se fundamenta en el reconocimiento de los otros en mi como otredad significativa; sujeto propiciado por la autenticidad y la fuerza espiritual acuñadas en el romanticismo, siendo este movimiento social tan importante como la revolución francesa o la inglesa, plantea Isaiha Berlin; por esa auténtica búsqueda de identidad cultural del otro en su plena diferencia como sujeto particular in particular the vagaries and excesses of the feeling of love with life, ie within a wider social dimension and comprehensive universal exceeding the materialistic Western rationality, methodologically, and captured by the subject as general abstract representation in the process knowledge and social experience, shedding around the size of the insights of historical subject constituted, which is what sets the debate between Enlightenment and Romanticism, to be expressed mainly in Germany, England and France through various modern writers like Cervantes and Shakespeare.
[1] worth noting that the cultural identity of subject, refers to his own situation from the perspective of the subject, distinguishing between forms of internalized and objectified forms of culture, Bourdieu regards as today. The concept of culture from the 70, broke with the sense of absolute spirit of idealism and traditional anthropological approaches Clifford Geertz, who sees culture as a "web of meanings", ie structures of meaning as socially structured (1973) and later for the years 80-90, James Clifford refers you to the post-modern interpretation, between the deconstructionist critique of the concept of culture. This work is recovering the position Marxist John Thompson, who defines culture in a structural design, referred ado by Lenin and Gramsci, who understand the ideology and culture as "worldview."
[1] Ethics in different fields, means: 'Custom' in the empiricist tradition, virtues to specific historical contexts and socially structured psycho-emotional expression in the sensitivity of the subject. In this sense takes over the work, the concept of culture that developed under the scientific basis of Marx's historical materialism in the Marxist vein, represented by Lenin and Gramsci, who understand the culture as ideology and as "worldview."
[2] Ethics in different fields, means: 'Custom' in the empiricist tradition, virtue ethics in patterns or trends (justice, friendship, courage, etc.) As the mode of being, is also distinct virtues intelligence or reason (wisdom, prudence) and ethics is conceptualized by Aristotle. Ethics has also come to mean actual science that deals with moral objects in all its forms, ie, moral philosophy as a historical-philosophical and social and moral attitudes can be studied from different peoples in their various cultural expressions (mode of production, ethical-moral values \u200b\u200band traditions, customs, as required Gramsci-), in this sense, ethics is not only the exercise of power as the right to choose what to do and what to think freely and voluntarily the historical subject, and that exercise of power is consistent with the degree of consciousness developed in an epochal process of experiences, insights and knowledge.
[3] Vid. Sánchez Vázquez. Philosophy of praxis. Editorial Grijalbo, Mexico 1980. P. 82. Emphasis added.